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Table 5 Amplified apple gene families

From: Dating and functional characterization of duplicated genes in the apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) by analyzing EST data

Gene family

Apple

Arab.

Poplar

Gene-copy number with Ks < 0.4

Duplicates in young paralogs

Gene family amplification ratio

20S proteasome alpha/beta subunits

29

23

21

18

11

1.61

Chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins

27

21

23

13

14

2.08

β-amylases

18

9

10

10

8

1.80

Elongation factor-1

18

5

13

10

8

1.80

Malate dehydrogenases

14

12

10

8

6

1.75

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase

13

10

10

7

6

1.86

α-tubulins

11

8

9

4

7

2.75

S-adenosylmethionine synthetases

10

4

6

6

4

1.67

Vacuolar sorting receptors

8

7

5

3

5

2.67

26S proteasome regulatory subunit (RPN8)

5

2

2

2

3

2.50

Starch phosphorylases

6

2

4

3

3

2.00

40S ribosomal protein S5

6

2

2

1

5

6.00

40S ribosomal protein S4

6

3

5

3

3

2.00

60S ribosomal protein L12

6

3

3

4

2

1.50

ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase family

5

3

2

3

2

1.67

Aconitate hydratases

5

4

4

2

3

2.50

GDP-mannose 3,5-epimerase

4

1

2

1

3

4.00

  1. Comparative analysis of gene-copy number between apple, Arabidopsis, and poplar families. The table includes apple gene families with more members in apple than in Arabidopsis and poplar.