|  | F1 hybrids with C. tinctorius | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plant stage | Trait | C. oxy.(27) a | C. oxy.(77) b | C. pal. | C. leuc. | C. glauc. | C. lan. |
Seed | Pappus (T♀/T♂) | No/No | No/No | No/Some | No/Yes | No/No | No/Yes |
 | Seed color (T♀/T♂) | W-T/St-W | W-T/St-W | C-B/W-C | W-B/B | C-T/W-C | T-B/T-B |
 | mg/seed (T♀) | 38.7 ± 10.9 | 38.7 ± 7.9 | 53.3 ± 4.8 | 31.0 ± 6.7 | 47.3 ± 5.3 | 21.1 ± 4.7 |
 | mg/seed (T♂) | 13.0 ± 0.0 | 11.7 ± 2.0 | 51.1 ± 17.1 | 11.6 ± 1.1 | 36.3 ± 3.8 | 17.8 ± 1.0 |
 | Seed weight (% Centennial, T♀/T♂) | 71.4%/24.0% | 71.4%/21.6% | 98.3%/94.3% | 57.2%21.4% | 87.3%/67.0% | 38.9%/32.8% |
 | Germination rate | 32% | 36% | 90% | 80% | 75% | 33% |
Rosette | Number of spines | 29.0 ± 4.6 | 31.5 ± 8.4 | 25.7 ± 7.7 | 102.6 ± 17.3 | 21.8 ± 3.4 | 104.7 ± 10.8 |
Bolting | Rosette period (days) | 22.7 ± 2.0 | 23.1 ± 0.6 | 19.4 ± 3.7 | 28.9 ± 2.0 | 20.0 ± 0.9 | 36.3 ± 1.2 |
Inflorescence | Days to flowering | 57.4 ± 2.4 | 61.5 ± 1.9 | 60.8 ± 3.9 | 62.9 ± 3.5 | 61.1 ± 1.5 | 71.7 ± 0.6 |
 | Days of flowering | 66.6 ± 7.5 | 72.1 ± 17.7 | < 48.1 | 96.6 ± 9.6 | 45.2 ± 10.2 | 76.7 ± 11.1 |
 | Number of branches | 10.1 ± 1.2 | 12.5 ± 1.9 | 7.0 ± 1.5 | 10.3 ± 1.7 | 10.0 ± 2.1 | 6.7 ± 1.2 |
Mature head | Shattering | low to high | low to high | No | n/a | Some | n/a |
 | Flower heads/plant | 41.7 ± 5.1 | 41.8 ± 8.2 | 9.7 ± 1.4 | 79.0 ± 8.7 | 11.3 ± 4.2 | 42.3 ± 12.3 |
F2 seed | F2 seeds/plant (#) | 179 ± 88 | 205 ± 141 | 271 ± 64 | 0 | 205 ± 47 | 0 |
 | F2 seed/plant (g) | 6.2 ± 2.8 | 6.8 ± 4.5 | 12.5 ± 2.5 | 0 | 10.5 ± 2.1 | 0 |
 | F2 mg/seed | 35.6 ± 3.7 | 34.5 ± 4.5 | 47.4 ± 9.0 | n/a | 51.6 ± 5.6 | n/a |