Figure 2

Overview of the general phenylpropanoid pathway. A: A simplified representation of the phenylpropanoid pathway leading to the production of chalcones and stilbenic compounds; B: The flavonoid biosynthesis pathway that leads to the production of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins; six MYB transcription factors are indicated along the branches that are likely involved in the transcriptional regulation of the structural genes. PAL, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; C4H, cinnamate 4-hydroxylase; 4CL, 4-coumarate-CoA ligase; CHI, chalcone isomerase; F3H, flavanone 3-hydroxylase; F3'H, flavonoid-3'-O-hydroxylase; F3'5'H, flavonoid-3',5'-hydroxylase; DFR, dihydroflavonol-4-reductase; LDOX, leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase; UFGT, UDP-glucose:flavonoid-3-O-glucosyltransferase; ANR, anthocyanidin reductase; LAR, leucoanthocyanidin reductase; EGC, epigallocatechin.