A new microspore embryogenesis system under low temperature which mimics zygotic embryogenesis initials, expresses auxin and efficiently regenerates doubled-haploid plants in Brassica napus

Table 1 Interaction between temperature and desiccation treatments for microspore embryo germination

Germination temperature treatment	Percentage of germination at different desiccation treatments
Germination temperature treatment	Air drying (307)^#	Direct culture (298)
4°C- 10 d, dark (207) ^#	*46.3 ± 3.3^b	7.0 ± 1.1^c
18°C, dark till activation of radicle and plumule (204)	86.5 ± 3.7^a	23.0 ± 2.1^a
25°C, 16 h photoperiod (194)	18.1 ± 2.5^c	12.1 ± 1.5^b
Mean (irrespective of germination temperature treatment)	50.3 ± 19.8	14.0 ± 4.7

Data from embryos obtained from microspores of donor plants grown under low temperature conditions in growth chambers.
*Percentages are presented for four replicates for each factor (Percentage: mean ± SE_m).
^$Means represented by the same small case letter in each column are not significantly different as per LSD _(α=0.05).
^#Values in parenthesis represent the total number of embryos observed (n).

ISSN: 1471-2229