Marker-based linkage map of Andean common bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.) and mapping of QTLs underlying popping ability traits

Table 6 Single-locus QTLs and QTLs x Environment (QE) effects detected for the popping traits using multi-environment analysis

QTL	Marker interval	LG (position)^a	A^b	h²(a)^c	QE AE^d	h²(ae)^e
Popping dimension index (PDI)
PDI3^PP	IAC24-BM287	3 (71.0-84.9)	3.74^***	7.0	ns
PDI5^PP	E32M60-263-BMc321	5 (35.8-37.8)	1.31^***	6.9	ns
PDI6^PP	BMc238-E40M60-91	6 (2.3-5.0)	1.46^***	2.2	ns
PDI7^PP	BM185-BMc294	7 (24.2-36.6)	−1.75^***	6.1	1.01^AE2 1.41^* AE4 −1.44^** AE5	0.6 1.6 1.4
Expansion coefficient (EC)
EC3^PP	BMc259-IAC24	3 (67.8-71.0)	3.67^***	4.3	ns
EC5^PP	E32M60-100-BM175	5 (40.6-46.1)	4.08^***	4.6	ns
EC7^PP	BM185-BMc294	7 (24.2-36.6)	−6.14^***	2.8	5.77^** AE4 −4.58^* AE5	1.4 0.9
EC9^PP	PV-at007-BMc184	9 (60.9-70.2)	3.39^***	3.4	−2.75^* AE4	0.8
Percentage of unpopped seeds (PUS)
PUS1.1^PP	BMc324-BM200	1a (66.5-95.6)	10.29^***	1.6	−10.92^* AE4	0.8
PUS1.3^PP	E32M60-147-SNP-5503	1b (58.2-60.6)	−7.01^***	0.6	−8.29^ AE2 7.39^ AE4	1.6 1.8
PUS3^PP	BMc259-IAC24	3 (67.8-71.0)	−11.51^***	7.4	ns
PUS5^PP	BM138-E32M60-100	5 (39.8-40.6)	−8.04^***	6.5	ns
PUS6^PP	E40M60-91-E45M50-50	6 (5.0-5.8)	−8.69^***	4.8	−3.85^** AE4 3.58^* AE5	1.6 1.1
PUS7^PP	BMc294-BMc248	7 (36.6-38.1)	4.99^***	3.1	−3.17^* AE4 3.51^* AE5	1.2 1.1

^a Linkage group and the estimated confidence interval of QTL position in brackets (in Kosambi cM).
^b Estimated additive effect. Positive values indicate that alleles from PHA1037 have a positive effect on the traits, and negative values indicate that positive effect on the traits is due to the presence of the alleles from PMB0225.
^c Percentage of the phenotypic variation explained by additive effects.
^d Predicted additive by environment interaction effect. AE1, AE2, AE3, AE4, and AE5 additive by environment interaction effect associated with environments LD09, SD09, LD10, SD10, and LD11, respectively. The meaning of sign values is described in the second footnote (^b).
^f Percentage of the phenotypic variation explained by additive x environment interaction effect.
^*P ≤ 0.05, ^**P ≤ 0.01, ^***P ≤ 0.001. Only significant effects are listed. ns = No significant effects on the five environmental conditions evaluated.

ISSN: 1471-2229