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Table 2 Genomic sequences of two grain amaranth genes involved in sucrose and starch metabolism

From: Metabolic and enzymatic changes associated with carbon mobilization, utilization and replenishment triggered in grain amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) in response to partial defoliation by mechanical injury or insect herbivory

Gene

Size (bp)1

No. Exon

No. Intron

Accesion number

Salient characteristics2

Ref2

AhAGPS-1

5088

9 (99–297)3

8 (84–1048)3

JQ034321

The gene is highly similar (94% identity) to the B. vulgaris AGPB1 gene (GenBank X78899.1). The complexity of this gene is shared with other starch metabolism genes. The presence of a large first intron (1048 bp) suggests a possible role in regulating expression as observed for a sucrose synthase gene in Arabidopsis. The promoter region has MYCL and GCCF boxes which are needed in maize for the transcriptional regulation of the waxy gene coding for a GBSS.

[46, 58–60]

AhVI-1

5376

7 (9–857)3

6 (85–1015)3

JQ012921

Contains the expected seven exons generally conserved in the majority of acid invertase genes isolated from plants4. The AhVI-1 gene also contains a membrane spanning domain in exon 1 and the motifs NDPNG, partially encoded by mini-exon 2 encoding the tripeptide DPN, and WECVDF (exon 3), which are essential for catalytic activity and are conserved in this gene family5. A key feature identifying it as vacuolar invertase was that the X residue in the conserved WECXDF domain corresponded to a valine residue. This is characteristic of invertases targeted to the vacuole; in the CWIs, X is a proline.

[61–63]

  1. The percentage of identity with the closest annotated homolog is shown.
  2. 1 bp = base pairs.
  3. 2Ref = Relevant references.
  4. 3Size range (bp).
  5. 4Refer to Additional file 6A.
  6. 5Refer to Additional files 6B and 6C.