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Fig. 4 | BMC Plant Biology

Fig. 4

From: Biochar-amended potting medium reduces the susceptibility of rice to root-knot nematode infections

Fig. 4

Effect of biochar-amendment to the growth medium on callose biosynthesis in the rice root system. a The relative transcript levels of a callose biosynthesis gene (glucan synthase-like gene, OsGSL1) at 24 hpi were analyzed using qRT-PCR. The gene expression levels were normalized using three internal reference genes, OsEXP, OsEif5C and OsEXPnarsai. The data are shown as the relative transcript levels normalized to the control roots (expression level in the control set at 1). The bars represent the mean expression level ± SE from two independent biological replicates , each containing a pool of 6 plants. Asterisks indicate significantly different expression levels in comparison with the control roots. b Callose deposition in the root galls at 7 dpi was examined under UV light using a Nikon Eclipse Ti-E epifluorescence microscope (excitation 390 nm; emission 460 nm). c Quantification of callose deposition was performed using ImageJ software. The data presented are the mean ± SE of two independent experiments, each performed using ten galls. Different letters indicate significant differences (Duncan’s multiple range test at p ≤ 0.05)

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