Characterization, expression patterns and functional analysis of the MAPK and MAPKK genes in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)

Song, Qiuming; Li, Dayong; Dai, Yi; Liu, Shixia; Huang, Lei; Hong, Yongbo; Zhang, Huijuan; Song, Fengming

doi:10.1186/s12870-015-0681-4

Table 2 Summary on the expression, protein-protein interaction, functions in disease resistance and putative Arabidopsis orthologs for the ClMPK and ClMKK genes

From: Characterization, expression patterns and functional analysis of the MAPK and MAPKK genes in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)

Genes	Expression patterns								Protein-protein interaction^c	Functions in disease resistance^d	Homolog in Arabidopsis
	Tissues^a			Abiotic stress^b				Biotic stress^b
	Root	Stem	Leaf	Dr	Sa	He	Co	Fon
ClMPK1	+++	+	++	↑	↑	↑	↓	–	ClMKK2-2	Increased	AtMPK1
ClMPK3	+	+++	+	↑	↑	↑	–	↑	Not studied	WT	AtMPK3
ClMPK4-1	+	+	+	↑	↑	↑	↓	↑	ClMKK2-1	WT	AtMPK4
ClMPK4-1	+	+	+	↑	↑	↑	↓	↑	ClMKK6	WT	AtMPK4
ClMPK4-2	+	+	+	↑	↑	↑	–	↑	ClMKK2-2	Increased	AtMPK4 [52]
ClMPK4-2	+	+	+	↑	↑	↑	–	↑	ClMKK6	Increased	AtMPK4 [52]
ClMPK6	+	+	+	↑	–	↑	↑	↑	ClMKK5	Decreased	AtMPK6 [55, 56]
ClMPK7	+++	+	+	↑	↑	↑	↓	↑	ClMKK5	Increased	AtMPK7 [50, 58]
ClMPK7	+++	+	+	↑	↑	↑	↓	↑	ClMKK5	HR-like cell death	AtMPK7 [50, 58]
ClMPK9-1	+++	+	+++	↑	–	–	↓	↑	Not studied	Not studied	AtMPK9
ClMPK9-2	+	+	++	↑	↑	–	↓	↑	–	Not studied	AtMPK9
ClMPK9-3	+	+	++	–	–	↑	–	↑	Not studied	Not studied	AtMPK9
ClMPK9-4	+	+	+++	–	–	↑	↓	–	Not studied	Not studied	AtMPK9
ClMPK13	++	++	+	↑	–	–	–	↑	ClMKK2-1	WT	AtMPK13
ClMPK13	++	++	+	↑	–	–	–	↑	ClMKK6	WT	AtMPK13
ClMPK16	+	+	+++	↑	↑	–	–	↑	–	Not studied	AtMPK16
ClMPK19	+	+	+++	↑	↑	–	↑	↑	Not studied	WT	AtMPK19
ClMPK20-1	+	+++	+++	↑	↑	↑	–	↑	Not studied	Not studied	AtMPK20
ClMPK20-2	++	+	+++	↑	–	↑	–	–	Not studied	Not studied	AtMPK20
ClMKK2-1	+++	++	+	↑	–	↑	–	↑	ClMPK4-1	WT	AtMKK2
									ClMPK4-2
									ClMPK13
ClMKK2-2	+	++	++	↑	↑	↑	–	↑	ClMPK1	Decreased	AtMKK2 [45]
ClMKK3	+	++	+	↑	↑	↑	↓	↑	Not studied	Not studied	AtMKK3
ClMKK5	+	+++	+	↑	↑	↑	↑	↑	ClMPK6	WT	AtMKK5
ClMKK5	+	+++	+	↑	↑	↑	↑	↑	ClMPK7	WT	AtMKK5
ClMKK6	+++	+++	+	↓	–	–	↑	↑	ClMPK4-1	WT	AtMKK6
									ClMPK4-2
									ClMPK13
ClMKK9	++	++	++	–	–	–	–	↑	Not studied	Not studied	AtMKK9

^a+ represents the relative expression levels
^b↑represents significant upregulation; ↓indicates significant downregulation; ̶ indicates no significant change. Dr, drought stress; Sa, salt stress; He, heat stress; Co, cold stress. Fon, Fusarium oxypsorum f. sp. niveum
^cPutative interacting partners from yeast two hybrid assays are listed.–indicates no interacting partner was identified. Not studied, these ClMPKs or ClMKKs were not examined
^dPossible functions of the selected ClMPKs and ClMKKs was examined using transient expression-based functional analysis in N. benthamiana. Increased, increased resistance against B. cinerea when transiently expressed in N. benthamiana; Decreased, decreased resistance against B. cinerea when transiently expressed in N. benthamiana. WT, wild-type phenotype

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