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Table 1 Average measures of genetic diversity at two different levels: overall set of accessions and according to the three geographical regions of origin (Northern + Eastern, Southern and Western)

From: Analysis of the genetic diversity and structure across a wide range of germplasm reveals prominent gene flow in apple at the European level

Material

NA

NB a

NE

AR b

Ho

He

Overall set (1859 genotypes)

23.06

16.94

6.59

-

0.81

0.83

European regions of origin

      

 Northern + Eastern Europe

16.75

10.87

6.24

16.57

0.83

0,82

 Southern Europe

17.50

11.87

6.29

16.95

0.81

0.82

 Western Europe

20.31

13.94

6.18

16.36

0.81

0.82

  1. aRare alleles were considered if they appeared in a frequency below 5 %
  2. bFor the geographical European regions of origin, allelic richness was computed after normalization according to the smallest population size (i.e., Northern + Eastern Europe). Number of alleles per locus (NA), number of rare alleles (NB), effective number of alleles (NE), allelic richness (AR), and observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosity are included