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Fig. 4 | BMC Plant Biology

Fig. 4

From: Isoprenoid biosynthesis in dandelion latex is enhanced by the overexpression of three key enzymes involved in the mevalonate pathway

Fig. 4

Influence of AtACL(AB), AtAACT2 and Athmgrc1(S408A) overexpression in dandelion latex on isoprenoid end products in 12-week-old T. brevicorniculatum roots. a Quantitative analysis of triterpene precursors (squalene and 2–3-oxidosqualene), sterols (campesterol, stigmasterol and sitosterol) and pentacyclic triterpenes (taraxasterol, α-amyrin, β-amyrin and lupeol) by GC/MS in freeze-dried roots of transgenic and wild-type (Wt) T. brevicorniculatum plants. Bars represent standard errors of three independent transgenic plants per line. Normal distribution at p < 0.05 was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Asterisks represent significant differences relative to wild-type (ANOVA with Tukey’s honest significant difference test (p < 0.01)). b Quantitative analysis of cis-1,4-isoprene by 1H–NMR in freeze-dried roots of transgenic and wild-type T. brevicorniculatum plants. Bars represent standard errors of three independent transgenic plants per line. Normal distribution at p < 0.05 was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Asterisks represent significant differences relative to wild-type (ANOVA with Tukey’s honest significant difference test (p < 0.01)). c Dolichol composition of freeze-dried root material determined by LC/MS. A mixture of dolichols (13–21 isoprene units) was used as a standard. One representative result for each transgenic line and a wild-type control is shown

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