Fig. 4From: Molecular genetic and biochemical evidence for adaptive evolution of leaf abaxial epicuticular wax crystals in the genus Lithocarpus (Fagaceae)Phylogenetic principal component analysis (pPCA) conducted with the reference tree. Black wording indicates abbreviation of each species (see Fig. 1), while the red wording indicates ecophysiological traits. (C:carbon content; N: nitrogen content; PA: phenolic acid; C/N: ratio of carbon and nitrogen content; d13C: δ13C; d15N: δ15N; waxy: LAEWC state; Alt: altitude; YII: phytochemical yield of photosystem II)Back to article page