Fig. 12

Detection of BjHMA4R activity by Cd²⁺ flux measurements. Transgenic BjHMA4R and control cells were exposed to 30 μM Cd²⁺ and measurements were taken for 600 s, using a vibrating probe, after the flux became ready. a yeast cells, b E. coli cells. The data are expressed as the mean ± SE of three replicates; * and ** indicate significant levels at 5 and 1% (evaluated by Student’s t test), respectively