Genome-wide association studies of seven agronomic traits under two sowing conditions in bread wheat

Jamil, Muhammad; Ali, Aamir; Gul, Alvina; Ghafoor, Abdul; Napar, Abdul Aziz; Ibrahim, Amir M. H.; Naveed, Naima Huma; Yasin, Nasim Ahmad; Mujeeb-Kazi, Abdul

doi:10.1186/s12870-019-1754-6

BMC Plant Biology

Table 1 Description of studied traits at three locations (Islamabad: ISD, Sargodha: SGD and Bahawalpur: BWP) along with over all mean, mean squares, percent reduction due to late sown and heritability

From: Genome-wide association studies of seven agronomic traits under two sowing conditions in bread wheat

Trait	Location	Treatment	Mean	SE	Min.	Max.	Overall	Mean	MS	h²
DH	ISD	Normal	126	0.39	110	133	Normal	119	19.7***	0.86
	ISD	Late	88	0.18	84	93	Late	82	8.65^ns	0.71
	SGD	Normal	123	0.24	118	130	LSD	0.5
	SGD	Late	81	0.09	78	82	Reduction%	ISD	SGD	BWP
	BWP	Normal	108	0.31	97	113	Mean	30	34	28
	BWP	Late	78	0.44	64	86	Min-Max	24–30	34–37	24–34
GFD	ISD	Normal	34	0.31	26	42	Normal	35	9.82^ns	0.74
	ISD	Late	27	0.35	18	38	Late	28	13.39^ns	0.76
	SGD	Normal	37	0.2	31	42	LSD	0.43
	SGD	Late	33	0.17	29	38	Reduction%	ISD	SGD	BWP
	BWP	Normal	35	0.32	24	45	Mean	22	9	34
	BWP	Late	23	0.4	14	35	Min-Max	9–31	06–10	22–42
PH (cm)	ISD	Normal	93.2	0.56	75.7	109.3	Normal	87.9	47.83***	0.83
	ISD	Late	69.53	0.61	51	90.7	Late	65.7	93.68***	0.88
	SGD	Normal	85.77	0.55	72	101.5	LSD	0.78
	SGD	Late	59.74	0.69	40	80	Reduction%	ISD	SGD	BWP
	BWP	Normal	84.75	0.46	72	96	Mean	25	30	20
	BWP	Late	67.83	0.69	48.67	88.67	Min-Max	17–33	21–44	8–32
SPP	ISD	Normal	8	0.14	5	16	Normal	9	2.79***	0.82
	ISD	Late	5	0.08	3	8	Late	5	2.03^ns	0.78
	SGD	Normal	10	0.15	7	14	LSD	0.17
	SGD	Late	5	0.11	2	8	Reduction%	ISD	SGD	BWP
	BWP	Normal	8	0.08	6	11	Mean	41	51	52
	BWP	Late	4	0.15	1	8	Min-Max	40–50	43–71	27–83
GNS	ISD	Normal	53	0.81	24	74	Normal	59	152.8***	0.86
	ISD	Late	41	0.92	10	60	Late	41	100.8**	0.81
	SGD	Normal	59	1.01	30	85	LSD	1.04
	SGD	Late	41	0.7	24	60	Reduction%	ISD	SGD	BWP
	BWP	Normal	64	0.84	40	87	Mean	23	31	34
	BWP	Late	42	0.77	22	62	Min-Max	19–58	20–29	29–45
TKW (g)	ISD	Normal	42.26	0.52	26.07	54	Normal	40.6	46.78**	0.81
	ISD	Late	33.2	0.62	14.87	48.31	Late	28.8	43.68***	0.85
	SGD	Normal	41.99	0.5	19	51.87	LSD	0.64
	SGD	Late	27.77	0.41	17	44.36	Reduction%	ISD	SGD	BWP
	BWP	Normal	37.65	0.6	22.32	54.55	Mean	21	34	32
	BWP	Late	25.46	0.41	14.79	41.2	Min-Max	11–43	11–14	24–34
GY (Kg/plot)	ISD	Normal	0.16	0.01	0.01	0.34	Normal	0.14	0.0037^ns	0.72
	ISD	Late	0.05	0.002	0.01	0.17	Late	0.03	100.8**	0.81
	SGD	Normal	0.15	0.01	0.02	0.39	LSD	0.006
	SGD	Late	0.04	0.002	0.001	0.13	Reduction%	ISD	SGD	BWP
	BWP	Normal	0.11	0.01	0.02	0.56	Mean	66	76	74
	BWP	Late	0.03	0.002	0.002	0.13	Min-Max	17–49	68–95.6	77–98

Days to heading: DH, grain filled duration: GFD, plant height: PH, spikes per plant: SPP, grain number per spike: GNS, thousand kernel weight: TKW and grain yield per plot: GY
*p-value <0.05, **p-value < 0.01, ***p-value < 0.001

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