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Table 2 Analysis of variance and mean comparisons for chlorophyll content (Chl a: chlorophyll a; Chl b: chlorophyll b), photosynthetic parameters (Pn: net photosynthesis rate; gs: stomatal conductance; Ci: intercellular CO2 concentration; Tr: transpiration rate), chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm: the maximum quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry; ΦPSII: PSII operating efficiency; qP: photochemical quenching coefficient; NPQ: non-photochemical quenching) of maize plants grown under two salinity levels and treated with DCPTA at four rates of application

From: Exogenous 2-(3,4-Dichlorophenoxy) triethylamine alleviates salinity stress in maize by enhancing photosynthetic capacity, improving water status and maintaining K+/Na+ homeostasis

Source of variation

Chl a content (mg·g−1 FW)

Chl b content (mg·g−1 FW)

Pn (μmol·m−2·s− 1)

gs (mmol·m−2·s− 1)

Tr (mmol·m−2·s− 1)

Ci (μmol·mol− 1)

Fv/Fm

ΦPSII

qP

NPQ

NaCl (mM) (N)

 0

2.93 ± 0.14a

0.80 ± 0.06a

15.05 ± 1.05a

0.08 ± 0.01a

4.67 ± 0.37a

224.69 ± 21.53b

0.83 ± 0.02a

0.74 ± 0.03a

0.64 ± 0.04a

0.57 ± 0.05b

 150

1.47 ± 0.28b

0.37 ± 0.09b

9.11 ± 1.43b

0.05 ± 0.01b

2.30 ± 0.66b

337.81 ± 46.68a

0.58 ± 0.07b

0.39 ± 0.07b

0.40 ± 0.06b

0.81 ± 0.08a

DCPTA (μM) (D)

 0

2.00 ± 0.89a

0.51 ± 0.26a

11.00 ± 3.50a

0.06 ± 0.02a

3.13 ± 1.61a

298.90 ± 81.05a

0.67 ± 0.17a

0.52 ± 0.21a

0.48 ± 0.17a

0.75 ± 0.17a

 20

2.29 ± 0.76a

0.60 ± 0.24a

12.30 ± 3.34a

0.07 ± 0.02a

3.62 ± 1.34a

283.03 ± 71.21a

0.69 ± 0.15a

0.56 ± 0.22a

0.54 ± 0.13a

0.68 ± 0.17a

 100

2.42 ± 0.64a

0.67 ± 0.19a

13.50 ± 2.90a

0.07 ± 0.01a

3.87 ± 0.73a

251.35 ± 29.61a

0.74 ± 0.08a

0.60 ± 0.14a

0.54 ± 0.08a

0.65 ± 0.08a

 400

2.09 ± 0.83a

0.56 ± 0.24a

11.52 ± 3.18a

0.06 ± 0.02a

3.32 ± 0.47a

291.72 ± 76.25a

0.72 ± 0.13a

0.58 ± 0.19a

0.50 ± 0.15a

0.68 ± 0.13a

Significance

 NaCl (mM) (N)

***

***

***

***

***

***

***

***

***

***

 DCPTA (μM) (D)

***

***

***

***

***

***

***

***

***

**

 N × D

**

**

**

ns

ns

ns

**

**

**

*

  1. ns, *, **, and ***: Not significant or significant at P ≤ 0.05, 0.01, and 0.001, respectively. The different letters within each column indicate significant differences according to Duncan’s multiple-range test (P = 0.05)