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Fig. 4 | BMC Plant Biology

Fig. 4

From: Microscopy and chemical analyses reveal flavone-based woolly fibres extrude from micron-sized holes in glandular trichomes of Dionysia tapetodes

Fig. 4

Exit points of farina wool from glandular trichomes. a SEM image showing wool exiting from the surface of a glandular trichome cell. A magnified view of the boxed region is shown in (b). Cell surface-farina interface is labeled by a red arrow. Bars = 5 μm (a) and 1 μm (b). c Surface of glandular trichome cell after ethanol wash to remove farinose material. Examples of wool exit points are labeled by red arrows. Bar = 5 μm. d SEM after cryo-fracture showing inner face of part of the surface of a trichome cell. A piece of farina wool is found to be present intact inside the cell (red arrow). Bar = 5 μm. e SEM after cryofracture revealing cell contents. Bar = 5 μm. A magnified view of the boxed area is shown in (f) where wool exit is observed (red arrow). The dashed line represents the location of the tonoplast. V = Vacuole, C = cytoplasm. The Vacuole is seen to be in close proximity to the wool exit site. Bar = 1 μm. g Transmission EM (TEM) image of section through glandular trichome. Wool exit sites are marked by red arrows and are defined as a gap in the cell wall. Electron dense material, consistent with vacuole contents [V], are in close proximity to these sites. Dark line in the centre is an artefact from a fold in the section. Bar = 2 μm. h a magnified view of a wool exit site (boxed region) showing a gap in the cell wall [CW] and an amorphous region (a) within this gap. Beneath the amorphous region is observed a small amount of cytoplasm (c). Bar = 200 nm. i TEM image of a section of intact cell wall [CW] overlayed by a waxy low density layer (W). Bar = 100 nm. j, k, l FE-SEM block face imaging of a glandular head showing wool exit site (arrow in j) Bar = 10 μm. A magnified view of the area covering the exits site is shown in (k) together with the electron dense vacuoles [V] and the Nucleus [N] Bar = 2 μm. Further magnification (l) shows the plasma membrane does not traverse the gap (arrows). Organelles fitting the description of spherosomes (S) and leucoplasts (L) can be seen below the gap. m FE-SEM block face imaging showing exit site that extends to the vacuole. Bar = 2 μm. n A build-up of electron dense material accumulates within a void in the cell wall (arrow). Vacuoles [V] containing similar electron dense material are found in close proximity. Bar = 2 μm. o Surface render of a 3D deconvolved confocal stack of a glandular head cell showing Nile red-positive stained compartments (examples indicated by arrows). Bar = 5 μm

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