Fig. 1From: Abnormal anther development leads to lower spikelet fertility in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under high temperature during the panicle initiation stageEffects of high temperature treatment on fertility, anther dehiscence and pollen shedding in LYPJ and SY63. A, B, C, and D show pollen viability. The reddish-purple pollen grains are fertile, and the green pollen grains are sterile (scale bar = 200 μm); E, F, G, and H show dehisced anthers at flowering using a stereomicroscope (scale bar = 500 μm); I, pollen fertility; J, spikelet fertility; K, anther dehiscence rate; L, pollen shedding percentage of the anthers. CK, control temperature; HT, high temperature. Data are the average over three replicates ± standard error of the mean (n = 3). The different letters indicate significance between temperature treatments for the same cultivars at P < 0.05. Asterisk indicates significance between the two cultivars for same temperature treatment at P < 0.05Back to article page