Table 2 Photosynthetic and root hydraulic characteristics of WT and transgenic plants under normal and salt stress conditions

g_s (mol water m⁻² s⁻¹)

0.14 ± 0.01^b

0.18 ± 0.01^a

0.17 ± 0.02^a

0.04 ± 0.01^d

0.09 ± 0.01^c

0.07 ± 0.01^c

T_r (mmol water m⁻² s⁻¹)

6.02 ± 0.18^b

6.93 ± 0.52^a

6.76 ± 0.34^a

1.83 ± 0.46^e

3.99 ± 0.42^c

3.12 ± 0.53^d

A_N (μmol CO₂ m⁻² s⁻¹)

9.73 ± 1.26 ^b

13.29 ± 0.24^a

12.17 ± 1.12^a

3.31 ± 1.41^d

8.26 ± 0.56^bc

7.21 ± 1.74^c

C_i (μmol CO₂ mol⁻¹)

295 ± 13^a

271 ± 9^b

278 ± 17^b

279 ± 25^d

243 ± 7^c

236 ± 17^c

Stomata pore aperture (μm)

3.48 ± 0.27^b

3.88 ± 0.42^a

3.86 ± 0.39^a

1.93 ± 0.14^d

3.00 ± 0.25^c

2.96 ± 0.19^c

Stomata density (0.1 mm²)

19 ± 3^a

19 ± 3^a

19 ± 4^a

19 ± 3^a

20 ± 4^a

19 ± 3^a

IWUE (mmol CO₂ mmol⁻¹ water)

1.61 ± 0.16^c

1.92 ± 0.15^b

1.88 ± 0.24^b

1.73 ± 0.35^bc

2.17 ± 0.09^a

2.29 ± 0.22^a