Table 1 List of measured traits
| Â | Trait | Abbreviation | Unit | Method of measurement |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Imaging parameters | ||||
 1 | Shoot area smoothed | SAsm | kPixa | Smoothing spline fit to total projected shoot area data for each plant |
 2 | Absolute growth rate smoothed 32–40 | AGR32 | kPix/db | Difference in smoothed Shoot Area between days 32th and 40th after planting, divided by the length of the period |
 3 | Absolute growth rate smoothed 42–50 | AGR42 | kPix/d | Difference in smoothed Shoot Area between days 42th and 50th after planting, divided by the length of the period |
 4 | Absolute growth rate smoothed 52–59 | AGR52 | kPix/d | Difference in smoothed Shoot Area between days 52th and 59th after planting divided by the length of the period |
 5 | Relative growth rate smoothed 32–40 | RGR32 | d−1 | Difference in the logarithm of the smoothed Shoot Area at days 32th and 40th after planting, divided by the length of the period |
 6 | Relative growth rate smoothed 42–50 | RGR42 | d−1 | Difference in the logarithm of the smoothed Shoot Area at days 42th and 50th after planting, divided by the length of the period |
 7 | Relative growth rate smoothed 52–59 | RGR52 | d−1 | Difference in the logarithm of the smoothed Shoot Area at days 52th and 59th after planting, divided by the length of the period |
 8 | Convex hull area integralc | CHA | kPix | Smallest geometrical object without concave parts that covers whole plant, top view image |
 9 | Caliper length integral | CL | kPix | Max. distance between two points on the object boundary, top view image |
Harvest parameters | ||||
 10 | Fresh weight | FW | g | Weight of fresh biomass per pot |
 11 | Dry weight | DW | g | Weight of oven dried biomass per pot |
 12 | Plant height | HEI | cm | Plant height measured from bottom to leaf tip |
 13 | Tiller number | TN |  | Number of tillers per pot |
Indices | ||||
 14 | Water use efficiency | WUE | g/g water | Harvested dry biomass per plant/total amount of irrigation water |