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Fig. 3 | BMC Plant Biology

Fig. 3

From: Ecotoxicological assessment of cigarette butts on morphology and photosynthetic potential of Azolla pinnata

Fig. 3

The technical fluorescence parameters were represented by radar plots (A-C), with each line showing the average of 6 measurements per treatment and statistical significance was determined at p ≤ 0.05 levels. Plot (D) The study measured ChlF in A. pinnata plants exposed to varying concentrations of CBs (0-40) for 24 hours, using PSII rapid fluorescence transients (O, J, I, and P) as indicators

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